Hanoi Old Quarter

Hanoi Old Quarter – The Soul of the Thousand-Year-Old Capital

When mentioning Hanoi, one cannot help but think of the image of the Old Quarter with its ancient streets, distinctive features, and unique culture. The saying "Hanoi 36 Streets" has become a symbol closely associated with the appearance of the capital, preserving the marks of a long history, over a thousand years old.

1. Location and Formation History of Hanoi Old Quarter

Hanoi Old Quarter is located in Hoan Kiem District, the center of the city, with a total area of about 100 hectares, situated between Hoan Kiem Lake and Long Bien Bridge, surrounded by old gates and walls. This area initially developed from the 11th century when King Ly Thai To chose Thang Long (present-day Hanoi) as the capital. The Old Quarter formed next to a swamp full of snakes and crocodiles, inhabited by craftsmen and merchants. The Chinese named this area "An Nam thống trị" or "Southern Protectorate." This is the oldest continuously developed area of Vietnam, with a history nearly 1,000 years old.

2. Origin and Meaning of the Name "Old Quarter"

The name "Old Quarter" comes from the fact that this area has existed for a very long time, and with more than 36 streets formed from the guilds of craftsmen. Each street specializes in selling a particular type of product, such as Hang Bun Street, Hang Ma Street, Hang Bac Street, etc. The names of these streets are also associated with the profession or main products sold there. The concept of "36 streets" is often confusing because the term "phường" does not simply mean street but also refers to a guild, where craftsmen working in the same trade gather, such as carpenters' guild, silversmiths' guild, or Chèo guild. Some opinions suggest that the number 36 is symbolic, reflecting the diversity and richness of the area. In reality, Hanoi Old Quarter now has more than 70 streets.

3. Distinctive Streets in the Old Quarter

Hanoi Old Quarter is distinguished by streets bearing the marks of various crafts and trades. These streets attract not only domestic visitors but also international tourists.

• Hang Gai Street is famous for its silk products, from ready-made clothes to exquisite embroidery.
• Hang Ma Street is a paradise of paper decorations, from gift wrap to ceremonial products, especially paper items burned for the deceased in rituals.
• Lan Ong Street stands out with herbal medicine shops, where you can smell the scent of traditional Chinese and Vietnamese herbs.
• Hang Quat Street used to sell silk and feather fans, now known for vibrant funeral and festival flags.

All these streets are not just trading places but also a reflection of Hanoi's traditional culture.

4. The Old Quarter's Appearance Over Time

Although many streets today no longer sell products as their names suggest, the Old Quarter still retains much of its cultural and architectural heritage. The houses in the Old Quarter have a distinctive classical architectural style, with narrow houses only about 3-4 meters wide but stretching deep inside. The old tiled roofs, shops selling handicrafts, and specialty foods rich in Hanoi culture make the Old Quarter an unmissable destination.

5. Highlights Not to Be Missed in Hanoi Old Quarter

Bach Ma Temple: Located on Hang Buom Street, Bach Ma Temple is considered the oldest temple in Hanoi, dedicated to Long Do, the protector of Thang Long Citadel. This is a perfect place to learn more about the ancient beliefs of the people of Hanoi.

Dong Xuan Market: This is the largest market in the Old Quarter, where you can find everything from clothing and handicrafts to local specialties. Don't forget to try bun cha or lotus seed sweet soup here, loved by both locals and tourists.

Phat Loc Alley: If you enjoy exploring small alleys with many interesting stories, Phat Loc Alley will be the perfect destination. It retains its ancient architecture and is a paradise for street food.

6. Exploring Hanoi Old Quarter – An Unforgettable Experience

To fully explore Hanoi Old Quarter, visitors should spend at least one day walking and immersing themselves in the local rhythm of life. The small streets, colorful souvenir shops, and specialty foods such as pho, bun cha, spring rolls, and iced tea on the sidewalk are unmissable. If you want to understand more about the history and culture of this area, joining a walking tour or food tour will be an ideal choice for a comprehensive and lively exploration.

Dear visitors, Hanoi with its Old Quarter is a living testament to a thousand-year-old capital, preserving traditional cultural values while blending into modern life. This is not only an attractive tourist destination but also an indispensable part of the soul of the capital.